This new publication encompasses three policy briefs that provide an overview of the joint impact of these three shocks affecting our societies.
First, it delves into ongoing debates surrounding the potential job losses attributed to digitalisation while also shedding light on the fact that technological change simultaneously creates new job opportunities. The coordinating role of governments as institutions capable of supporting workers is highlighted, enabling worker transitions into growing occupations, particularly those that foster in-person interactions.
Second, the publication addresses the challenges faced by foreign-born workers, particularly women, in terms of employment entry barriers, occupational segregation, and over-qualification. It underscores the significance of migration in addressing skill shortages and the challenges posed by an ageing population. However, it also emphasises the need for a well-functioning migration system and flexible migration policies that are tailored to effectively address these issues. To address these issues and promote equality in labour markets, GI-NI researchers offer recommendations for a common European policy approach that integrates a gender perspective and promotes collaboration among different stakeholders to eliminate barriers faced by migrants.
Third, turning to trade, the text shows that the trade in business services and other services used as intermediate inputs by firms has been increasing at a faster pace than trade in goods since the global financial crisis. This shift in the nature of globalisation has the potential to impact workers with different capabilities and skills. However, as data shows tightness in labour markets across several European countries, certain types of jobs remain unfulfilled. Given the fast-ageing populations in many European countries, it is unlikely that this tightness in labour markets will be short-lived. To address these challenges, GI-NI researchers suggest the implementation of well-designed upskilling and reskilling policies, as well as lifelong learning activities that extend beyond the scope of the current job.